Requirement of cooling: When the combustion of fuel and air mixture takes place inside the combustion chamber, a lot of heat is generated. This heat increases the temperature of engine. The rise in temperature can change the properties of metal if it is beyond a certain limit. The cooling system limits the rise in temperature by dissipating the heat into the surrounding atmosphere.
Out of the total heat generated by the burning of the fuel, about 25 to 30% of the heat is used to perform the work. Rest of the heat is lost by the cooling medium (water or air) and by radiation and exhaust gases.
Types of cooling system: Depending upon the size of the engine and amount of heat generated, the following two types of cooling system in automobile are generally used.
- Air cooling or direct cooling
- Water cooling or indirect cooling
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